In an era of multiple interrelated crises, governments have a critical role in shaping economies. The question is no longer whether the state should intervene, but how and towards whatends. Arts and culture, from visual arts to music and design, are the foundations for reimagining alternative futures, fostering civic identity, and mobilising collective action. Yet they remain underutilised and undervalued in economic policy. 

https://cms.marianamazzucato.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Public_Value_of_Arts_and_Culture.pdf